PC SHORTCUTS FOR BEGINNERS

Basic PC shortcut keys
The below basic shortcut keys are a listing of shortcut keys that will work with almost all IBM compatible computers and software programs. It is highly recommended that all users keep a good reference of the below shortcut keys or try to memorize the below keys. Doing so will dramatically increase your productivity.

Shortcut Keys	Description
Alt + F	File menu options in current program.
Alt + E	Edit options in current program
F1	Universal Help in almost every Windows program.
Ctrl + A	Select all text.
Ctrl + X	Cut selected item.
Shift + Del	Cut selected item.
Ctrl + C	Copy selected item.
Ctrl + Ins	Copy selected item
Ctrl + V	Paste
Shift + Ins	Paste
Ctrl + P	Print the current page or document.
Home	Goes to beginning of current line.
Ctrl + Home	Goes to beginning of document.
End	Goes to end of current line.
Ctrl + End	Goes to end of document.
Shift + Home	Highlights from current position to beginning of line.
Shift + End	Highlights from current position to end of line.
Ctrl + Left arrow	Moves one word to the left at a time.
Ctrl + Right arrow	Moves one word to the right at a time.

Best B.Tech Projects - 2012

As a part of the B.Tech curriculum, the students of IIT Patna are required to do a research oriented B.Tech project in their final year. The aim of this project is to impart to students a flavour of design, innovation and research. Among all the projects submitted, the students are judged for the best project in their discipline. The abstract of the best B.Tech projects for the year 2012 in each of the three engineering disciplines of IIT Patna are as follows:

Computer Science and Engineering: Competitive Analysis of Cooperative Caching Algorithms

Student: Mr. Mohit Ahuja

One of the key implementations of online algorithms is caching/paging, concerned with the eviction choice of a virtual memory page for replacement, when another page is requested by the processor, to create a space no more available in fast memory or cache. However, caching, in general, is discussed with reference to a single machine. Due to ever broadening gap between processor performance and disk performance and the emergence of high speed, low latency networks, transferring file chunks over a network increased in speed by few notches in recent times. Hence, it seems a good idea to implement the basic principles of caching in a distributed environment, for which cooperative caching comes out as a viable choice. In cooperative caching, a scalable aggregate cache is formed for a centralized server (or servers) using some memory from each client. This prevents the creation of hotspots at the file server and distributes the network load.

The prime objective of this project was to analyze the cooperative algorithms for caching using competitive analysis and to come up with tight performance bounds on the Cooperative Least Recently Used (CLRU) and ROBINHOOD algorithms. We also came up with a scalable, centralized and randomized algorithm RANDCLRU which is a randomized version of CLRU. With our analysis we found tight lower and upper bounds on the performance of RANDCLRU.

Electrical Engineering: ARM based implementation of Text-To-Speech (TTS) for real time Embedded Systems

Student: Mr.  Shaik Abdul Rawoof

Since decade, real time hardware implementation of Text-To-Speech system has been drawing attention of the research community due to its various real time applications. These include reading aids for the blind, talking aid for the vocally handicapped and other commercial applications. All these applications demand the real time embedded platform to meet the real time specifications such as speed, power, space requirements. In this context the embedded processor ARM(Advanced RISC Machine) has been chosen as embedded hardware platform to implement Text-To-Speech (TTS) conversion. This conversion needs algorithms to perform various operations like parts of speech tagging, phrase marking, word to phoneme conversion and clustergen synthesis. These algorithms are coded and developed in C using eclipse IDE and finally implemented on commercially available ARM9 microcontroller (AT91SAM9263EJ-S).  Experiments have been performed on ARM microcontroller using test cases i.e. texts, and corresponding speech has been observed using audio amplifier. This real time implementation of TTS can be used as an integral part of the aforesaid real time embedded systems. 

Mechanical Engineering:

Two projects from Mechanical Engineering were selected for the best project award.

Flying on flapping wings

Student: Mr. Ankit Bharadwaj

Ornithopter is an aircraft that flies by flapping its wing. The main objective of this project is to design an ornithopter by imitating the flapping wing flight of large wing span birds. First phase of this project deals with simulation of flapping wing aerodynamics. Aerodynamics of flapping wing can be modeled within the framework of unsteady Navier-Stokes equation. Non-linear physics with multiple variables and time varying geometries pose great challenges for modeling. A 2D model of flapping wing in a static fluid medium has been simulated in CFX module of ANSYS workbench. The flapping wing mechanism is designed and fabricated. This has been used to experimentally determine the lift generated by flapping wing mechanism. Finally, a comparison was made between simulation and experimental results.

Figure-1: Schematic diagram of flapping wing mechanism

Figure-2: Flapping wing mechanism

Design and Characterization of Einstein Szilard Refrigerator

Student: Mr. Surabathuni Pallav

About 72 years ago, the famous physicist Albert Einstein and his former student LeoSzilard filed for a patent on a vapour absorption refrigeration cycle which used Ammonia, Water and Butane as working fluids and operated without any moving parts and requiring only a heat source. The cycle could not be commercially adopted due to the emergence of Freon which was overwhelmingly economical at that time. But the Einstein – Szilard refrigerator has renewed importance today due to energy and environmental concerns.

In this work, the original patent and a doctoral thesis from Georgia Institute of Technology, USA, were reviewed. This was followed by designing a prototype to test the feasibility of thermodynamic cycle proposed by Einstein and Szilard. Flexible design concepts are implemented to accommodate future modification and replacement of each component. The experiments on the designed, fabricated and assembled setup (Figure-3) with ammonia, water and pentane as working fluids confirmed the feasibility of Einstein-Szilard Refrigerator. The performance of the most critical component, bubble pump (Figure-4), was satisfactory. A video of this can be found at this link (Steady Bubble Pump).

Figure-3: Test setup of Einstein-Szilard Refrigerator

Figure-4: Only heat is sufficient to pump the fluid without the need of any moving part

 

B.TECH GURU

more details about btech jobs,interviews and other competative examinations visit the "B.TECH GURU WEBSITE" IS NOT ONLY FOR B.Tech STUDENTS..BUT ALSO FOR ALL U.G. AND P.G. COURSES

22 Apr B.TECH GURU WEBSITE IS NOT ONLY FOR B.Tech STUDENTS..BUT ALSO FOR ALL U.G. AND P.G. COURSES
http://www.btechguru.com
Btechguru.com is a website which casts the opportunities for ‘techie’ students. It also allows their knowledge tree to grow larger by providing free materials regarding their syllabus. As the name suggests it not only helps B.Tech students to survive in technical field, it motivates all the graduates who have take up computer field as their core subject,Here comes the proof…
By posting videos and materials on variuos listed below…, it helps all the B.sc (c.sc) and B.C.A graduates.
http://www.btechguru.com/engineeringvideos/
http://www.btechguru.com/training
http://www.btechguru.com

2-2 R10 EXAMINATIONS TIME TABLE

JNTUK 2-2 EXAMINATIONS TIME TABLE

Computer System Organisation Unit Wise Important Questions For JNTUH,JNTUK & JNTUA

Computer System Organisation Unit Wise Important Questions For JNTUH,JNTUK & JNTUA


UNIT-I
    1) What are functional units? Discuss the basic functional units of a computer?
    2) With a neat diagram explain the basic operational concepts of computer?
    3)
    a) Explain various types of buses?
    b) Discuss the functions of system software?
    4) Discuss and differentiate multi computers and multi processors.
    5) Explain the different types of data representation?
    6) Explain about the error detection codes with parity checker circuit?
    UNIT-II&III
    1) Explain with example the implementation of register transfer?
    2) Discuss in detail about various arithmetic operations.
    3) Explain the following operations in detail
    a) Basic micro operations.
    b) Arithmetic shift.
    c) Circular shift.
    d) Rotate shift.

    4) What is an instruction code? Explain in detail various addressing modes.
    5) Explain the instruction cycle with a neat flow chart.
    6) Explain the data transfer and manipulation instructions.
    7) Define interrupt? Explain the types of interrupts.
    8) Define and discuss the types of registers.
    UNIT-IV
    1) Explain with neat diagram, the address selection for control memory.
    2) Explain the design of control unit.
    3) Define and discuss the differences between hardwired control unit and micro programmed control unit.
      UNIT-V
    1) Define the Static RAM (SRAM). Explain the working of SRAM cell with a neat diagram.
    2) Define the Dynamic RAM (DRAM). Explain the working of DRAM with a neat diagram.
    3) Define the Read Only Memory. Explain in detail the types of ROM’s.
    4) Define and discuss the types of replacement algorithms.
    5) Define Virtual Memory. Explain the process of converting virtual addresses to physical addresses with a neat diagram.
    6) Explain the following secondary storage devices
    a) Magnetic disk.
    b) Magnetic tape.

    7) Explain the following mapping functions
    a) Associative mapping.
    b) Direct mapping.
    c) Set Associative mapping.
    UNIT-VI
    1) Explain about asynchronous data transfer and asynchronous communication interface.
    2) Explain about modes of transfer.
    3) Explain about interrupt priorities.
    4) Explain about DMA in detail.
    UNIT-VII
    1) Explain the Flynn’s classification to accomplish parallel processing.
    2)
    a) Define pipelining? Explain the structure of pipelining with an example.
    b) Explaining the implementation of four stage pipelining.

    3) List out the limitations of instruction pipeline.
    4) List out the advantages of RISC and CISC
    5) Define vector processing. Explain the characteristics of vector processing.
    6) Explain the instruction format of vector processor.
    7) What is array processor? Explain the two categories of array processor
    UNIT-VIII
    1) List out several of characteristics of multi processors.
    2) What is meant by interconnection structure? Mention the various types of interconnection structures.
    3) Define the following in detail
    a) Inter Process Arbitration.
    b) Inter Process Communication.
    c) Synchronization.

    4) Explain about cache coherence in detail.
    5) Discuss about the shared memory multi processors.

2-2 Important/Easy Units For JNTUK (All Branches)

2-2 Important/Easy Units For JNTUK (All Branches)

    AUTOMATA THEORY AND COMPILER DESIGN : 1, 2, 3, 6, 7 & 8 Units.

    Analog Communications : 1,2,5,6,7,8 Units.

    BIOPROCESS ENGINEERING : 1,2,3,4,5,8 Units.

    Computer Organization (CO) - 1,3,4,7,8 Units.

    COMPUTER ORGANIZATION AND ARCHITECTURE : 1,2,3,5,6 Units.

    Control Systems : 1,2,3,6,7,8 Units.

    Data Base Management Systems : 1,2,3,4,7 Units.

    Data Communication : 1,2,4,5,6 Units.

    Electronic Circuit Analysis (ECA) : 1,2,3,5,6 Units.

    EM Waves and Transmission Lines : 1,2,5,6,7 Units.

    Electrical and Electronics Engineering : 1,2,3,4,6 Units.

    Electrical Circuit Analysis-II : 1,2,3,4,6 Units.

    Electrical Machines -II : 1,2,5,6,8 Units.

    Formal Languages And Automata Theory : 2,3,4,5,6 and 7 Units.

    Fluid Mechanics & Hydraulic Machinery : 1,2,3,5,6 Units.

    INSTRUMENTAL METHODS OF ANALYSIS : 1,2,3,6,7,8 Units.

    Kinematics Of Machinery : 1,2,4,7,8 Units.

    Machine Drawing (MD) : All Are Important Units.

    Mass Transfer Operation : 1,2,3,4,7,8 Units.

    MOLECULAR BIOLOGY : 1,2,3,7,8 Units.

    Managerial Economics and Financial Analysis - 1,2,4,5,7,8 Units.

    Object Oriented Programming Through Java: 1,2,3,4,5 Units.

    PRINCIPLES OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES : 1, 3, 4, 6, 7 & 8 Units.

    Pulse & Digital Circuits (PDC) : 1,2,3,7,8 Units.

    Principles Of Communication : 1,2,5,6,7 Units.

    Power Systems-I : 1,2,5,6,7 Units (You can prepare 8th unit also as its very easy).

    Probability & Statistics (P&S) : 1,2,3,4,5 Units (Be Perfect with the Previous Papers,Important Questions & FAQ's).

    Software Engineering : 1,2,3,4,5,6 Units.

    Switching Theory & Logic Design (STLD) : 1,2,3,4,6/8 Units. (Better To Prepare Las 5 UNITS , Confusing Question Will Be Asked From The Starting Units)